This Day in History: 7 April 2020
7 April 1954
66 years ago, today, United States President, Dwight D. Eisenhower, delivered his speech during the Cold War, suggesting the creation of a 'domino' effect in Southeast Asia, relating to the fall of French Indochina to the communists. This 'domino theory' influenced many decisions taken in the US while thinking about Vietnam for many years. Earlier on in the year, it was clear to many that the French were failing to re-establish control in Vietnam, as they had lost it during World War Two. US officials were worried that a communist victory would create a new regime, controlling all or parts of Vietnam. In response to this, to gain US support for the French, Eisenhower gave a press conference, on this day.
The speech consisted largely of the President explaining the significance of Vietnam to the United States, firstly stating its economic importance, but also noting the possibility of their societies being forced under a dictatorship. Finally, Eisenhower discussed the domino effect, explaining that "you have a row of dominoes set up, you knock over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is a certainty that it will go over very quickly". However, these words lacked any direct and immediate impact, and a month later, the communists defeated Dian Bien Phu. An agreement was also reached that left communist forces in control of northern Vietnam. Despite this, Eisenhower's theory laid the basis for US involvement in Vietnam. Future Presidents, such as John F. Kennedy, also used this to justify assistance for the non-communist South Vietnam, and ultimately, the deploying of US armed forces in Vietnam.
Want to find out more about Eisenhower's proposed 'domino theory'? Click here for more information.
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